How capital gains tax works
Short-term gains (assets held ≤ 1 year) are taxed as ordinary income at your marginal bracket rate. Long-term gains (held > 1 year) qualify for preferential rates of 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on your total income.
2025 long-term capital gains rates
- 0% — income under $47,025 (single) / $94,050 (married)
- 15% — income $47,025–$518,900 (single) / $94,050–$583,750 (married)
- 20% — income above $518,900 (single) / $583,750 (married)
What is the long-term capital gains tax rate?
0% for income under $47,025 (single) or $94,050 (married), 15% for most filers, 20% for high earners in 2025.
Short-term vs. long-term?
Assets held more than one year qualify for long-term rates. Assets held one year or less are taxed at ordinary income rates.
Can I offset gains with losses?
Yes — capital losses offset gains dollar for dollar. Excess losses up to $3,000/year can offset ordinary income.